编者按：2025年亚太艾滋病与合并感染大会（APACC 2025）近日在日本东京成功举行，会议聚焦亚太地区HIV与合并感染防控的研究进展、热点问题和实践需求。作为大会主席之一，日本国际医疗福祉大学Junko Tanuma教授在会议期间接受了《感染医线》的专访。Tanuma教授深入剖析了当前全球HIV/AIDS防治的关键挑战，介绍了梅毒（包括神经性梅毒与先天性梅毒）在全球范围重新蔓延的严峻趋势，并针对日本监管体系滞后提出了改革倡议。

 

01

《感染医线》：作为大会主席，能否请您介绍一下本次大会的议程亮点？日本将如何推动亚太地区国家在HIV与合并感染管理方面的跨国合作？

 

Junko Tanuma 教授

日本国际医疗福祉大学

 

首先，我想强调本次会议召开于一个关键时刻。当前，我们拥有多项助力终结HIV/AIDS流行的重大创新，例如长效注射型暴露前预防（PrEP）药物和HIV自我检测技术，这些创新正通过实施科学得以推广。然而，由于针对HIV防治专项项目的投资减少，我们正面临资金短缺的危机。

 

为此，在会议期间，我起草了一份致政府的请愿信，旨在启动与相关部门的对话，探讨如何维持来自这些国家的持续投入。通过汇集国际社会的呼声，这一举措取得了成效。我们成功地将请愿信递交给了外交部长和卫生部长。我将密切关注其回应，并希望日本能继续为全球HIV防控贡献力量。

 

 

IDF: As the Conference Chair, could you highlight key agenda innovations? How will Japan facilitate multinational collaboration on HIV and co-infection management across the Asia-Pacific region?

 

Dr. Tanuma: Firstly, I would like to emphasize that this conference was held at a critical time. We have significant innovations to help end HIV/AIDS, such as long-acting injectable medicines for PrEP and HIV self-testing, and these are being expanded through implementation science. However, due to decreased investment in HIV-specific programs, we are now facing a crisis of underfunding.

 

Therefore, during this conference, I drafted a petition letter to the government to initiate discussions with the authorities on how to sustain investment from these countries. By gathering voices from abroad, this effort proved effective. We successfully submitted the petition to both the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Minister of Health. I will watch their response closely and hope that Japan will continue to contribute to global HIV control.

 

02

《感染医线》：您的报告显示，孕妇神经性梅毒病例激增。这一现象的出现与哪些因素有关？

 

Junko Tanuma 教授

日本国际医疗福祉大学

 

正如我在报告中所述，当前存在一种潜在的梅毒流行趋势，它不仅影响着育龄妇女，也影响着男性。这一趋势不仅在日本明显，在全球范围内也显而易见。因此，神经梅毒病例的激增，很可能与这一全球性模式有关。此外，正如我之前所述，先天性梅毒正在重新出现。因此，我们必须首先认识到：在孕期进行检测，并对临床表现保持警惕以实现早期诊断，这两点至关重要。这种认知将是关键因素，不仅对于应对梅毒病例的激增，同时对于减轻日益加重的先天性梅毒负担也至关重要。

 

 

IDF: Your report indicates a surge in cases of neurosyphilis among pregnant women. What are the primary contributing factors to this trend?

 

Dr. Tanuma: As I addressed in my presentations, there is an underlying syphilis epidemic affecting not only women of reproductive age but also men. This trend is evident not only in Japan but globally. Therefore, the surge in neurosyphilis may be linked to this global pattern. Additionally, congenital syphilis is re-emerging, as I previously described. Consequently, we must first recognize the critical importance of testing during pregnancy and being vigilant for clinical manifestations to enable early diagnosis. This awareness will be a key factor not only in addressing the syphilis surge but also in mitigating the rising burden of congenital syphilis.

 

03

《感染医线》：为进一步优化梅毒等性传播感染（STIs）的管理，您认为管理部门、医疗机构及社区等应完善哪些关键环节？

 

Junko Tanuma 教授

日本国际医疗福祉大学

 

我的发言主要针对日本的监管机构。目前，HIV自我检测尚未得到充分推广。其推广进程的延误，主要归因于针对HIV自检试剂盒——或我称之为HIV邮寄检测试剂盒——的监管审批流程滞后。我们旨在克服这一延误，并在未来扩大此类检测方式的应用。

 

IDF: To further optimise the management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as syphilis, what key areas do you believe need to be improved by regulatory authorities, healthcare institutions, and communities?

 

Dr. Tanuma: My comments primarily concern the regulatory authorities in Japan. HIV self-testing has not yet been sufficiently promoted. The delay in its expansion is largely attributable to the delayed regulatory process for HIV self-testing kits, or what I would refer to as HIV mailing testing kits. We aim to overcome this delay and expand the utilization of such testing in the future.

 

 

Dr. Junko Tanuma（田沼顺子 教授）

MD, PhD

国际医疗福祉大学

田沼顺子博士是日本国际保健福祉大学（IUHW）医学院感染病学系和公共卫生研究生院全球健康与感染病学系的教授。她目前是日本厚生劳动省（MHLW）性传播疾病/艾滋病毒防控委员会和AIDS监测委员会的成员，以及日本医学会全球健康委员会的成员。她是UNAIDS全球AIDS监测的日本国家报告员，也是MHLW性健康研究项目的主要研究者，她的团队在2020年东京奥运会前用多种语言开展了性健康宣传项目。她是日本AIDS研究协会国际合作委员会的负责人，并在该委员会中推广“快速通道城市倡议”（Fast Track Cities Initiatives）。

 

来源：《感染医线》

 

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